ATOM
Basic unit of Chemistry – Atom
Smallest units of a matter – Atom
The first atom model was created by – Neils Bohar
The most accepted model of the atom Bohar model
Atom was derived from a greek word ‘Atoms’ (means indivisible)
Atom was discovered by John Dalton
Law of Multiple Proportion was put forward by – John Dalton
Law of conservation of Mass – Antoine Lavoisier
Law of difinite proportion – Joseph Proust
Atomic theory – John Dalton
Planetary Model of Atom – Rutherford
Wave mechanics model – Max Planck
The term ‘atom’ was coined by – Ostwald
The fundamental particles of an atom Proton, Electron and Neutron
The central part of an atom – Nucleus
The sub atomic particles of nucleus – Protons Neutrons
Heaviest sub atomic particle – Neutron
Lightest sub atomic particle – Electron
Moving particle of an atom – Electron
The charge of an electron is – Negative
Protons and Neutrons are collectively known as – Nucleons
Chemical property of a substance is determined by – Electrons
The smallest atom – Helium (He)
The simplest Atom – Hydrogen(H)
Biggest known atom – Francium(Fr)
The unit of measuring mass of an atom – Atomic Mass unit(AMU)
1 atomic mass unit is equal to 1.6605 x 10-27 Kg
The element used to find amu – Carbon -12
ELECTRONS
Electron is discovered by – J.J. Thomson
The name Electron was proposed by – Stoney
Charge of an electron 1.6 x 10-19C (determined by Millikan)
Mass of electron 9.1 x 10-31 kg
Dual nature of electron Louis-de-broglie
PROTON
Proton was discovered by Ernest Rutherford
The identity card of an element Proton
The mass of a proton is 1.672 x 10-27kg
The theory of Proton was presented by William Prout
NEUTRON
Neutron was discovered by – James Chadwick in 1932
The heaviest fundamental particle of an atom Neutron
The least stable particle Neutron
Neutrons are bound very tightly Chargeless particle of an atom Neutron
The atom without neutron Protium (Isotope of Hydrogen)
Atomic Number – It is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Atomic number denoted by the alphabet – Z
Mass Number – The total number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus of an atom
Mass Number is denoted by – A
Antiparticle of the neutron with the same mass of neutron – Anti neutron
Antiparticle of the neutron with the same mass of proton – Anti proton
Nuclear particle with the mass of an electron but opposite change – Positron
The combining capacity of one atom to another Valency
Atom is bigger than its nucleus 105 times
Electrons move in a circular path called Orbit
The maximum number of elements in an Orbit is 2
The Orbit followed by a moving electrons around the nucleus of an atom Shell
The maximum number of electrons in a shell 2n2(n=Number of shell)
Atomic theory – John Dalton
Uncertainty principle – Werner Heisenberg.
Structure of Atom – Niels Bohar
Plum Pudding Model – J.J. Thomson
Wave Mechanics Model – Max Planck
Electron (-ve charge) – J.J. Thomson
Proton (+ve charge) – Ernest Rutherford
Neutron(No charge)- James Chadwick
Nucleus (+ve charge) – Ernest Rutherford
Positron (+ve charge) – Carl Anderson
Antineutron (No charge) – Bruce Cork
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